As part of the land release process, the mine and Explosive Remnants of War (ERW) survey plays a key and critical role in properly identifying the type, nature, and extent of the mine/ERW contaminated areas. Mine/ERW survey can ensure safe, efficient, and effective use of demining assets for hazard removal or removal of suspicion from reported mine/ERW hazardous areas. This is important to consider the nature of contaminated land, worksite conditions, and types and extent of anticipated hazards during the survey operations in order to select the most suitable approach for the land release process. The approach taken may be different for each worksite and shall be based upon those specific requirements determined during a comprehensive survey process. Therefore, a comprehensive plan should be made to conduct a safe, effective, and efficient mine/ERW survey
Non-technical survey is a process of information gathering through which evidence based decisions
are made about newly reported and also previously recorded hazardous areas.
Commonly, the original hazard data comes from broad nationwide surveys such as Landmine Impact
Survey (LIS) and or Mine/ERW Impact Free Community Survey (MEIFCS) which are being conducted
rapidly and as such, may not fully address the needs of site-specific operational planning for further
technical or clearance operations. This is more likely that changes will occur in nationwide survey
data as a result of peoples intervention and also emerging of update and new information about the
recorded SHAs or CHA.
Non technical survey is of prominent importance for collecting update information used for successful
planning and implementation of demining operations. Survey provides information on possible
boundaries of mine/ERW contaminated areas and will ensure that clearance resources are used
efficiently, effectively and safely on priority tasks.
Scope
This AMAS provides standard guidelines and requirements for the provision of VA in
Afghanistan and specifically refers to services designed for landmine/ERW victims. However
it is also acknowledged that VA activities are provided within the larger context of disability
found in Afghanistan
MDC
Traditionally in mine action the demolition of explosive ordnance (EO) including mines and
explosive remnants of war (ERW) is undertaken as part of the wider mandate for explosive
ordnance disposal (EOD) operations. In this chapter the focus is on the disposal of the
majority of ERW found during demining operations which are mines and small items of ERW
and EO such as sub-munitions, grenades and mortar ammunition.
Note: The wide variety of size and complexity of ERW requires special attention to be given
to the management of EOD and the qualifications required to deal with these varying devices
are detailed in AMAS 06.03 Explosive Ordnance Disposal.
Scope
This AMAS covers the standard guidance for the demolition of mines and ERW during demining operations in Afghanistan.
MDC
The safe and efficient removal and disposal of ordnance (encompassing mines and other
Explosive Remnants of War "ERW") is an integral part of mine action in Afghanistan; however,
the scope of the problem is such that deminers alone cannot safely and effectively deal with the
problem. As such, the Mine Action Coordination Centre of Afghanistan (MACCA), as the
authority for mine action within the country, is charged with the responsibility for the identification
and development of procedural, management and safety requirements for all Explosive
Ordnance Disposal (EOD) tasks conducted as part of mine action
Scope
This chapter describes the policies and procedures that shall be followed for all EOD operations within Afghanistan.
Scopee of EOD
This chapter describes the policies and procedures that shall be followed for all EOD operations within Afghanistan.
MDC
All areas within Afghanistan that are known to contain a mine/ERW hazard are marked and
recorded as a Suspected Hazard Area (SHA) on IMSMA. A number of these SHAs will
contain a mine hazard and the procedure for clearance of these areas is detailed at AMAS
06.01. However, many SHAs will not contain mines and the threat will be explosive remnants
of war (ERW) and cluster munitions, unexploded Land Service Ammunition (LSA) or
unexploded air delivered weapons. Battle Area Clearance (BAC) is the term used to
describe the systematic search and clearance of all items of ordnance and munitions within a
given area.
This chapter provides technical guidelines and procedure for clearing explosive remnants of
war (ERW) and cluster munitions contaminated areas.
Scope
This chapter provides technical guidelines and procedure for clearing explosive remnants of
war (ERW) and cluster munitions contaminated areas.
MDC
Mechanically assisted clearance is an essential tool for mine/ERW clearance operations in
Afghanistan and shall be part of an integrated approach with the associated organisational
structure, logistics and administrative support, in order to provide sustainability and allow
interoperability with Demining Teams (DT) and Mine Detection Dogs (MDS) assets.
Scope
This chapter covers the minimum requirements for the conduct of mechanical assisted mine
clearance operations within Afghanistan.
MDC
Mine Risk Education (MRE) refers to the educational activities which seek to reduce the risk of injury from mines
and ERW by raising awareness and promoting behavioural change amongst 'at risk' groups within communities
and throughout the population in the country, including public information dissemination, education
and training and community liaison. MRE should ensure that men, women and children in the affected
communities are aware of the risks from mines and ERW and are encouraged to behave in a way which reduces
the risk to people, property and the environment.
Scope
This AMAS describes the standard guidelines for conducting MRE operation in Afghanistan.
MDC
The MDC Health Center was established in 1989 with the aim of provision of medical services to the MDC and all other mine
action personnel. This Health center is based in Kabul since 1999 and providing medical services to the de-mining personnel, their families
and the surrounding communities. MDC Health Center's Female OPD, female Psychotherapy, female Dentistry, female physiotherapy and
counseling brunch was established by medico-international donations in April 2007 and since then has provided quality services for
female patients in Kabul.
On A daily basis MDC is capable to provide 150-200 medical services to the most impoverished communities in and around Kabul.
Our Goal
To provide free of charge medical services and assistance to affected de-miners, their families and the deprived and
needy war affected communities of Kabul and patients from other nearby provinces.
Current Capacity
Currently MDC polyclinic has the following departments:
- Internal Medicine OPD
- Gynecology department
- Neurology OPD
- Orthopedic OPD
- X-Ray
- Laboratory
- Pharmacy
- Dentistry
- Ultrasound
- Emergency services
- Physiotherapy (female)
- Psychotherapy counseling (female)
- Exercise Tolerance Test (ETT)
- Echocardiography
- Endoscopy
- Physiotherapy (male)
MDC
The aim of Victim Assistance (VA) is to bring about lasting improvements in the daily lives of
people accidently injured by a landmine, explosive remnant of war (ERW) or improvised
explosive device (IED) and other persons with disabilities. Effective VA is characterized by
systematic programming that improves physical accessibility, enhances individual
empowerment, and raises community awareness. Accessibility eliminates obstacles and
barriers to schools, housing, medical facilities, workplaces, government buildings, and
places of worship. Empowerment includes the provision of physical rehabilitation, peer
support, social inclusion and economic reintegration. Community awareness ensures the
rights and capacities of landmine/ERW survivors are known and respected by society as a
whole.
To ensure success, VA programming shall be well designed, effectively implemented, and
efficiently managed. General objectives need to be developed in ways that are specific,
measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound. By defining valid performance
expectations and tracking measurable outcomes, VA implementers shall provide services
that meaningfully benefit survivors, dependents and their communities.
Scope
This AMAS provides standard guidelines and requirements for the provision of VA in
Afghanistan and specifically refers to services designed for landmine/ERW victims. However
it is also acknowledged that VA activities are provided within the larger context of disability
found in Afghanistan
MDC
MDC was tasked with the provision of narcotic detection dogs (NDD)
and explosive detection dogs (EDD) and Mine Detection Dogs (MDD) in Afghanistan..
The dogs are able to perform their tasks anywhere and are most commonly searching airports and border entries for
explosives and illegal drugs, large events for explosives, and even civilian vehicles that have been pulled over.
This meant they were ready to commence routine luggage, person and vehicle searches as soon as required.
MDC implements project in the following
areas:
1. Mine and explosive remnant of war clearance
2. K9 dog's security, explosive and narcotics
detection for customs and high security compounds
3. K9 dogs and personnel training
4. Veterinary services for K9 dogs
MDC
Mine Action operations and activities have significant potential to adversely impact the
environment, and not managing environmental aspects of mine action operations and
activities properly, can extensively affect expected results and outcomes, and will lead to
short and long term adverse impacts on land, water, soil and air and the communities living
there. This can also result in direct harm to people, damage to the environment and
infrastructure and originate legal action against mine action organisations and substantial
claims for compensation. Adverse impacts on the environment can lead to associated
negative social, economic and political impacts at local, regional and national levels.
Environmental management, therefore, requires comprehensive and inclusive solutions
which assess different impacts and an increased awareness towards environmental
protection among all mine action organizations. br
Nature as a whole warrants value and respect, the integrity of the earth's ecological systems
shall be maintained and restored. All forms of life are unique and shall be safeguarded
regardless of their value to humanity. Peace and security, sustainable development,
environmental protection and conservation, and respect to human rights including persons
with disability, gender and diversity groups are interdependent and mine action can
significantly contribute to fulfilling these goals.
MDC
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The Mine Detection Center (MDC) was established as an Afghan Non-Governmental De-mining Organization in 1989,
based in Afghanistan and has implemented lots of humanitarian demining and non-demining projects.
MDC is based on the principles of political neutrality,
good governance, transparency and recruitment of a multi ethnic's workforce from different parts of the country.